Everything about Sudirman totally explained
General
Sudirman (
January 24,
1916 -
January 29,
1950; also spelled
Soedirman) was the military commander of Indonesian forces during the country's
fight for independence from the
Dutch in the 1940s.
Biography
Sudirman was born in Bodas Karangjati village, Rembang,
Purbalingga,
Central Java,
24 January 1916. He studied at the Dutch Native School in
Purwokerto, and then at a
Muhammadiyah teacher training college in
Surakarta. He worked as a teacher at the Muhammadiyah school in
Cilacap.
During the
Japanese
occupation of Indonesia during
World War II, Sudirman trained to become a battalion commander in
Peta, the "homeland defense" army promoted by the Japanese. When Japan surrendered and
Sukarno proclaimed Indonesian independence, he organized his Peta battalion into a
Banyumas-based regiment of the Republican army to resist Dutch reoccupation of its former colony. The first major battle that he led was the
Battle of Ambarawa against the British and the Dutch (November-December 1945). On 12 December he led a "coordinated attack" against British positions in
Ambarawa, driving the British all the way to
Semarang. The battle ended on
16 December.
On
12 November 1945 he was elected Commander-in-chief of the Army, a position he held until his death. During much of the next five years he was sick with
tuberculosis, but led several guerrilla actions against the Dutch. He led the resistance to the Dutch attack on
Yogyakarta, then the Republic of Indonesia's headquarters, in December 1948. Theodore Friend (2003) describes him as having "...a strangely blended samurai discipline, Marxist disposition, and raw courage."
A university in Purwokerto is named after him: University of General Soedirman (Unsoed) (External Link
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